Copper sulphate, blue stone and blue vitriol are all commonly used names for cupric sulphate pentahydrate (CuS04.5H20), which is the best known and the most commonly used of the copper salts.
Copper sulphate is widely produced as a by-product of electrolytic copper cathode production, by the dissolution of pure copper scrap in sulphuric acid and the heap leaching of copper oxide ores.
Commercial copper sulphate typically contains 25 % metallic copper and is sold with a guaranteed minimum purity of 98 %. However, it is produced in a number of grades and sizes varying from large crystal lumps, of 25 mm or more in diameter, to very fine powders.
Uses of Copper Sulphates
Copper sulphate is used as an electrolyte in copper refining and electroplating. The mining industry employs it as an activator in the concentration of certain ores by froth flotation.
The building trade uses copper sulphate, in combination with other chemicals, as a wood preservative. In agriculture, copper sulphate is widely used as a micronutrient in animal feeds and fertilizers. Its fungicidal properties are utilised in the growing of grapes and tree fruits (Bordeaux Mixture) and in animal hoof health applications.
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